Journal of Urban Economics and Management
فصلنامه علمی-پژوهشی اقتصاد و مدیریت شهری
IUESA
Literature & Humanities
http://iueam.ir
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2025
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حمایتهای حقوقی از سرمایهگذاری داخلی و خارجی در پروژههای مدیریت شهری: یک تحلیل کیفی از فرصتها، چالشها و راهکارها
Legal support for domestic and foreign investment in urban management projects: opportunities, challenges and solutions
تخصصي
Special
پژوهشي
Research
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">جذب</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">سرمایه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گذاری</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پروژه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">شهری</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">یکی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">از</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">الزامات</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اصلی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">توسعه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پایدار</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مدیریت</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">شهری</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ایران</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">است</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">که</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">با</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">موانع</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">متعدد</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نهادی،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ساختاری،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">حقوقی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مدیریتی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مواجه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">است</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:">. </span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بررسی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نظام</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مند</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مطالعات</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نشان</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">می</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">دهد</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نبود</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">چارچوب</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">قراردادی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">شفاف،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ناتوانی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">طراحی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">الگوهای</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تامین</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مالی،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ضعف</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اطلاع</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">رسانی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اقتصادی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ساختارهای</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ناکارآمد،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">از</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">جمله</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مهم</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ترین</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">دلایل</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ناکامی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">جذب</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">سرمایه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">محسوب</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">می</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">شوند</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:">. </span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">این</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پژوهش</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">با</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">رویکرد</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کیفی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">به</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بررسی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">حمایت</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">حقوقی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">از</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">سرمایه</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گذاری</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">داخلی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">خارجی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پروژه</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مدیریت</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">شهری</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ایران</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">می</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پردازد</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:">. </span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">هدف</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اصلی،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">شناسایی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">فرصت</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ها،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">چالش</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ها</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">راهکارهای</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">حقوقی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نهادی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">برای</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ارتقای</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">توان</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">جذب</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">سرمایه</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گذاران</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">حوزه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مدیریت</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">شهری</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">است</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:">. </span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">داده</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ها</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">از</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">طریق</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تحلیل</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">قوانین،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">قراردادها،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">معاهدات</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بین</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">المللی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مطالعات</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تطبیقی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گردآوری</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">با</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">روش</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">توصیفی</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:">–</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تحلیلی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بررسی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">شده</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اند</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:">. </span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نتایج</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نشان</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">می</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">دهد</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نبود</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">چارچوب</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">قراردادی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">شفاف،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پیچیدگی</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اداری،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ضعف</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نظام</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اطلاع</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">رسانی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اقتصادی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ناکارآمدی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ساختارهای</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">شهرداری</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ها</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">از</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مهم</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ترین</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">موانع</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">جذب</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">سرمایه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">هستند</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:">. </span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مقابل،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ظرفیت</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اقتصادی،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اجتماعی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">زیست</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">محیطی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">شهرها</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تجربه</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">موفق</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">داخلی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بین</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">المللی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">فرصت</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">قابل</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">توجهی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">برای</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">توسعه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">سرمایه</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گذاری</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">فراهم</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">می</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کنند</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:">. </span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بر</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اساس</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">یافته</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ها،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اصلاح</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">قوانین،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تدوین</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">قراردادهای</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">استاندارد،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ارائه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مشوق</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اقتصادی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بازتعریف</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نقش</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">شهرداری</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ها</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">به</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">عنوان</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نهادهای</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">توسعه</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گرا،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">می</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تواند</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مسیر</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مشارکت</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بخش</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">خصوصی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">سرمایه</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گذاران</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">خارجی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">را</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">هموار</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ساخته</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">زمینه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تحقق</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">توسعه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پایدار</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">شهری</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">را</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">فراهم</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">آورد</span></span></span></div>
The expansion of urbanization and the increasing need of cities for sustainable financial resources have doubled the importance of domestic and foreign investment in urban management projects. Legal security, transparent legal frameworks, and a coherent contractual system are considered to be the most important factors affecting capital attraction. This research analyzes the legal protections necessary for attracting investment in urban projects using a descriptive-analytical method and by examining sources of public law, economic law, international documents, and the experience of countries. The results show that the existence of predictable laws, ownership guarantees, a reliable dispute resolution system, and the acceptance of international standards play a pivotal role in reducing investor risk. Suggestions such as the formulation of a comprehensive urban investment law, reforming the legal structure of partnership contracts, strengthening domestic and international arbitration, and improving the transparency of municipalities have been presented.
حمایتهای حقوقی,سرمایهگذاری داخلی,سرمایهگذاری خارجی,مدیریت شهری,تأمین مالی شهری,امنیت حقوق مالکیت,چارچوبهای قانونی,جذب سرمایه,قراردادهای شهری,قانون جامع مدیریت شهری
Legal protections, domestic investment, foreign investment, urban management, urban financing, property rights security, legal frameworks, capital attraction, urban contracts, comprehensive urban management law
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http://iueam.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1434-3&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Fateme
Ameri
فاطمه
عامری
fatemehameri@pnu.ac.ir
100319475328460011052
100319475328460011052
Yes
Payam nor
گروه حقوق، دانشکده حقوق و علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
فاروق
کاظماُف
100319475328460011053
100319475328460011053
No
مربی، گروه مدیریت، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
آبتین
امیری
100319475328460011054
100319475328460011054
No
گروه حقوق، دانشکده حقوق و علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران